How to plant tomatoes and protect them from diseases?
The secrets of growing tomatoes in the garden are shared by the deputy head of the branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Rosselkhozcenter in the Republic of Tatarstan Guzel Khusainova.
Prepare the soil for planting tomatoes in the fall. Early maturing low-growing varieties are placed with a distance between rows of 60 cm and between plants in rows of 30 cm, taller ones - according to the scheme 70 × 30 or 70 × 50 cm. It is better to plant seedlings on a cloudy day in the afternoon, and on a sunny day - only in the evening . Holes should be watered before and after planting.
Water the tomatoes regularly, once a week, in the afternoon. You need to water the bushes under the root, avoiding water on leaves. Loosen row spacings after watering. It is also worth taking the time to hill the tomatoes at least two or three times a season.
In total, for the entire period of growth of tomatoes, it is necessary to carry out four top dressings. The first is carried out two to three weeks after planting the seedlings, the second - after the second flower brush begins to bloom, the third - when the third brush blooms. The fourth feeding is usually carried out three weeks after the third feeding.
Usually formed in two stems, leaving a stepson under the first flower brush. The rest of the stepchildren are pinched, leaving stumps 0.5–1 cm in size. Stepchildren are carried out systematically, every 7–10 days, preventing the stepchildren from growing over 4–5 cm.
Tomato should be located away from planting potatoes. During the entire growing season, tomatoes are susceptible to diseases such as late blight, alternariosis, septoria, fusarium wilt, etc. Whiteflies, aphids, spider mites, nightshade miner, etc. are frequent guests in greenhouses. To protect against harmful objects, it is necessary to conduct regular inspections of plants and treatments.
When growing seedlings, it is imperative to treat seeds with biofungicides Rizoplan, Pseudobacterin-2, Trichodermin, Fitosporin-M, Sporobacterin, etc. Apply Trichodermin biofungicide to dig the ground. The planting pattern should be observed when planting seedlings. Plants affected by the virus should be destroyed immediately. During the growing season, carry out spraying and watering under the root: the first spraying two weeks after planting the seedlings, the next after 10-14 days.